A planographic printmaking technique based on oil resisting water. An image is applied to a grainy surface (stone or aluminium) with a greasy medium, which might be crayon or ink. A chemical mixture is then applied to the surface to bond the image to the plate. The surface is dampened with water which adheres only to the non-greasy areas around the image. Oily ink is rolled over the surface and sticks only to the greasy image area. Damp paper is pressed onto the surface, transferring the oily ink on the paper, creating a print that is a reverse of the original image. Lithography was invented in the late 1700s and made it possible to print a much wider range of marks, tone and colours than earlier relief or intaglio printmaking techniques.